Share your ROUTE v2.0 Experience

@Sophie
Yes, there were some wrong answers in the v2.1 and I researched myself about those questions. Will send an email to nneettwwoorrkkiinngg with some correct answers I figured out.

@FeebackPlease
1. I studied the complete v2.1 however, many questions came from August and Spoto. Do not consider answers from Spoto as many of them are incorrect. You can use them for referring the questions. By 25-08 I meant the file shared by neettwwoorrkkiinngg which was updated on August 25th.
2. By OSPF Sim, I meant the configuration Lab.
3. Yes, IPv6 OSPF virtual link lab..

@FeebackPlease
1. I studied the complete v2.1. Do not consider answers from Spoto as many of them are incorrect. You can use them for referring the questions. By 25-08 I meant the file shared by neettwwoorrkkiinngg which was updated on August 25th.
2. By OSPF Sim, I meant the configuration Lab.
3. Yes, IPv6 OSPF virtual link lab.

@funghet
yes, just neettwwoorrkkiinngg v2.1 would be sufficient.

@neettwwoorrkkiinngg
Thank You :)
Will drop a mail with my research on the doubtful questions.

Anyone has the VCE file for the 146 Q&A of SPOTO ?. please send it to JAJAJA9122 @ gmail . com

@ANDREW

Is the latest Pass Leader 300 – 101 Exam is item (1-30) to (121-end) ?

Thanks
JAJA

@STUBBY
what do you think of this :

QUESTION 304
Into which two types of areas would an area border router (ABR) inject a default route? (Choose two)
A. stub
B. the autonomous system of an exterior gateway protocol (EGP)
C. NSSA
D. totally stubby
E. the autonomous system of a different interior gateway protocol (IGP)
F. area 0

@Dee
Congrats. Any new questions in your exam?

We are getting pretty deep into this rabbit hole.

@ELO

I agree for the most part, but want to point out that type 3 LSA do not always contain summary routes, see below from your link. This is part of my agrument, areas still send type 3 LSAs if allowed, but they only get summarized if summarization is configured on the ABR or ASBR (looks like ASBR will summarize reguardless into the backbone). If the area is a Stub, the external routes and the summary or summaries that are not allowed are REPLACED with a default route. So the LSAs are not necessarilly relevant, this questions asks about summary routes. the backbone and normal areas will always process type 3 and type 5 LSA and have no restrictions on summary routes, which is why i belive they are the correct answers.

“OSPF offers two methods of route summarization:

Summarization of internal routes performed on the ABRs
Summarization of external routes performed on the ASBRs

Without summarization of internal routes, all the prefixes from an area are passed into the backbone as type 3 interarea routes. When summarization is enabled, the ABR intercepts this process and instead injects a single type 3 LSA, which describes the summary route into the backbone, shown in Figure 3-26. Multiple routes inside the area are summarized.

To consolidate and summarize routes at an area boundary, use the area range command in the router configuration mode. The ABR will summarize routes for a specific area before injecting them into a different area via the backbone as type 3 summary LSAs

The ASBR will summarize external routes before injecting them into the OSPF domain as type 5 external LSAs.”

It doesn’t look like any areas summarize by default, with the exception of ASBRs witch summarze external routes by default.

@Anonymous

QUESTION 304
Into which two types of areas would an area border router (ABR) inject a default route? (Choose two)
A. stub
B. the autonomous system of an exterior gateway protocol (EGP)
C. NSSA
D. totally stubby
E. the autonomous system of a different interior gateway protocol (IGP)
F. area 0

Definitely D. Totally Stubby, and most likely C. NSSA, at first read.

ABRs don’t connect to other AS, that would be an ASBR, so that probably rules out B & E.

ABR won’t inject a default into the backbone(area 0), so rules out F

I need to look into NSSAs a little better for default route behavior, because stub could be a possibility.

Best guess right now, C & D

@greg

That was part of my initial confusion, your link describes LSA types and where they travel. I have no disputes about what LSA types travel to where, that is pretty well documented. My argument is what information is contained in the LSA, specifically summary routes. Type 3 LSA are not summary LSAs, they are Inter-Area LSAs, they can contain all routes(prefixes) from the originating area (from the ABRs perspective). If instructed, the ABR will replace all the routes with a summary route or a default route depending on where the ABR is sending the type 3 LSA. At least that is my current understanding.

It’s Stub and Totally Stubby. NSSA area is the only Stub area that OSPF doesn’t generate a default route for. Also just a quick skim…. Type 3 Summary LSAs are not the same thing as route summarizing. They are more or less a list of networks learned from one network. Someone might have explained it. I didn’t really read the comments but anyways that is why the default route is advertised as type 3. You can’t advertise a default route in OSPF with ip route whatever. Also, that is why summary routes are advertised as a type 3. The command area x range 10.0.0.0 255.0.0.0, the x refers to the area that contains the routes being summarized.

It’s important to know how OSPF advertises routes with LSAs to understand Stub areas.

Stub = blocks type 5
T Stub = blocks type 3 and type 5

Fyi…. Didn’t proofread anything I wrote

i agree with Q304

OSPF will not inject a default route into a NSSA area unless you specifically tell it to, so answers would be A. Stub & D. Totally Stubby.

@Q 304, if T Stub = blocks type 3 and type 5 and default routes are advertised as type 3, how does a T Stub get its default route? Type 1 LSA with default route from it’s ABR?

@anonymous yeah it’s confusing I know. It also doesn’t help that I didn’t proof read my post. I’ll try and find a link that shows it but basically they do allow 1 type 3 LSA which is just used to advertise a default route. It’s confusing because Cisco says T Stubs block type 3 and type 5 but then they turn around and allow 1 type 3. Do you have access to lab equipment or gns3?

If T Stub = blocks type 3 and type 5 and default routes are advertised as type 3, how does a T Stub get its default route? Type 1 LSA with default route from it’s ABR?

Totally Stubby still receive the type 3 LSA, but only the default route is contained in the LSA.

https://community.cisco.com/t5/routing/regarding-ospf-stub-area-default-route/td-p/2919396

@Q304

You seem to have a pretty good understanding of OSPF areas, LSA types and summarization, what is your opinion on:

In which two area does OSPF send a summary route by default?
A. NSSA
B. Backbone
C. Totally Stubby
D. Stub
E. Normal

@Stubby definitely don’t take my word for anything I say! I don’t want to lead anyone down the wrong path. Please research your own. That question is kind of confusing. I wish we had more detail on the exact wording. The thing that catches my attention is the word default at the end. That makes me think what does OSPF do on it’s own without our help? Only 2 areas are sent a default route as a type 3 summary LSA without our help. Then it says summary route though not default route. So that makes me question it like it’s a trick question maybe. OSPF doesn’t do route summarizing by default though. We have to do it ourselves.

So in my opinion, I think it’s C and D. Again I didn’t proof read. My grammar is beyond hope.

@nneettwwoorrkkiinnngg

when i practice the questions in VCE are the correct answers in the comments and not in the answers that turn green? pls advise asap

@Q304 thanks for your opinion.

I think that is pretty much were i am at with the question, either we have the question wrong or it is a trick question. I thought i read that external routes were summarized by defult, but cannot find it now. That would have pointed to NSSA and backbone (the only areas that accept external routes), as correct answers, but it doesn’t appear to be a correct assumption. As you stated and my research finds, OSPF doesn’t summarize by default.

I think the question is the same as #304, and summary should be replaced with default, in which case C & D would be the correct answers.

can anyone please answer my question?

@confused

The only way to be sure is to research any you have questions about. Study and learn, nothing beats figuring it out for yourself. If you need help figuring out specific questions, don’t agree with the answers, or don’t quite understand something, feel free to post for assistance, I’m sure someone will chime in.

Q.43 of SPOTO or Q.636 of nnneetttwoorking

R1—Area0—-R2—-Area1 NSSA—-R3—-EIGRP(192.168.10.0/24)

Which LSA type does R3 propagate into Area1 for the 192.168.10.0/24 Network

Ans: Type 5 LSA

but I think it should be Type 7 LSA since it is a NSSA. What do you think guys?

OSPF has R1 router ID 172.18.1.1 . What happens when R1 configure with a new loopback interface IP address 172.17.1.1 ?
A. OSPF chooses 172.17.1.1 as new router ID when R1 is rebooted.
B. OSPF chooses 192.168.21.0 as new router ID when apply new configuration.
C. OSPF chooses 172.17.1.1 as new router ID when apply new configuration.
D. OSPF retains 172.18.1.1 as router ID until interface on which is configured goes down
Correct Answer: A
Section: Networking – NEW Questions
Explanation

SURELY??

@STIG
IMO … D
It’s easy to lab. Try.

@stig

Its A, RIDs dont change unless the OSPF process is restarted, which is either a result of manually clearing the OSPF process with clear ip OSPF process (process number here, if left blank it clears all) or rebooting the device which is a more aggressive way of restarting the process.

Hey Guys, noticed this discrepancy on SPOTO and in nneettwwooookkking dumps. It will be a big help for nneettwwooookkking to compile the correct answers if we could brainstorm the answer for the question that has discrepancy.

 Q.43 of SPOTO or Q.636 of nneettwwoorrkkiinngg
(I think it should be Type 7 LSA since it is a NSSA. What do you think guys?)

R1—Area0—-R2—-Area1 NSSA—-R3—-EIGRP(192.168.10.0/24)
Which LSA type does R3 propagate into Area1 for the 192.168.10.0/24 Network

Ans: Type 5 LSA
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 Q.642 and Q.562 has the same question but different answer. Which one is correct
You are configuring the R1 Serial0 interface for a multipoint connection. Drag and drop the required configuration statements from the left onto the corresponding locations from the diagram on the right.

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 Please explain Why Normal is included in the answer and not Totally stubby

QUESTION 534
In which two areas does OSPF send a summary route by default ?
A. NSSA
B. Backbone
C. Totally stubby
D. Stub
E. Normal
Correct Answer: DE

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 What do you think is the correct Answer?

QUESTION 34 of SPOTO or QUESTION 656 of nneettwwoorrkkiinngg
Which adverse circumstance can the TTL feature prevent
A. routing loops
B. DoS attacks
C. link saturation
D. CAM table overload

Correct Answer: D for nneettwwoorrkkiinngg
Correct Answer: B for SPOTO

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 What do you think is the correct Answer?

QUESTION 54 of SPOTO or QUESTION 165 of nneettwwoorrkkiinngg
A network engineer applies the command ip tcp adjust-mss under interface configuration mode. What is the result?
A. The probability of SYN packet truncation is increased.
B. The UDP session is inversely affected.
C. The probability of dropped or segmented TCP packets is decreased.
D. The optimum MTU value for the interface is set.

Correct Answer: C for nneettwwoorrkkiinngg
Correct Answer: D for SPOTO

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 What do you think is the correct Answer?

QUESTION 145 of SPOTO or QUESTION 226 of nneettwwoorrkkiinngg
Which SNMP verification command shows the encryption and authentication protocols that are used in SNMPv3?
A. show snmp view
B. show snmp
C. show snmp user
D. show snmp group

Correct Answer: C for nneettwwoorrkkiinngg
Correct Answer: D for SPOTO
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 What do you think is the correct Answer?

QUESTION 6 of SPOTO or QUESTION 609 of nneettwwoorrkkiinngg
When OSPF is forming an adjacency, in which state does the actual exchange of the information in the link-state databse occur?
A. INIT
B. Exstart
C. Loading
D. Exchange

Correct Answer: C for nneettwwoorrkkiinngg
Correct Answer: D for SPOTO

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 What do you think is the correct Answer?

QUESTION 31 of SPOTO or QUESTION 680 of nneettwwoorrkkiinngg

interface gi 2/0/0
vnet trunk
ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
vnet name cisco

Which effect of this configuration is true?
A. It designares the interface as a GRE tunnel endpoint
B. it configures 802.1q trunking on the interface
C. I designates the interface as an EVN trunk
D. I removes VTP from the interace

Correct Answer: C for nneettwwoorrkkiinngg
Correct Answer: B for SPOTO

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 Isn’t this the same question?, just the phrasing is different. If so, what would be the correct answer?.

QUESTION 416
Which action can you take to mitigate unicast flooding in a network?
A. Configure VLANs to span multiple access-layer switches.
B. Implement a nonlooped network topology.
C. Set the ARP timer value to less than the CAM timer value.
D. Set the CAM timer value to less than the ARP timer value.
Correct Answer: C

QUESTION 690
How can you minimize unicast flooding in a network?
A. Configure HSRP on two routers, with one subnet preferred on the first router and a different subnet preferred on the second router.
B. Set the router’s ARP timeout value to be the same as the timeout value for Layer2 forwarding table entries.
C. Set the router’s ARP timeout value to greater than the timeout value for Layer 2 forwarding table entries.
D. Set the router’s ARP timeout value to less than timeout value for Layer 2 forwarding table entries

Correct Answer: B
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 Isn’t this a same question?. If so, what would be the correct answer?.

QUESTION 543
multicast application must be accessible between sites, but not be accessible outside of the organisation. Based on the scoping requirements, the multicast group address for the application will be allocated out of which range ?

A. FF00::/16
B. FF08::/16
C. FF02::/16
D. FF0E::/16
Correct Answer: B

QUESTION 694
Company is deploying a multicast applic ation that must be accessible between sites, but must not be accessible outside of the organization

A. FF00:/16
B. FFOE:/16
C. FF02:/16
D. FF08:/16
Correct Answer: C

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 Isn’t this the same question?, just the phrasing is different. If so, what would be the correct answer?.

QUESTION 555
which protocol use both best path and second best path for traffic??
A. EIGRP
B. OSPF
C. BGP
D. RIP
Correct Answer: A

QUESTION 696
Which routing protocol routers traffic throught the best path and seccond best path at the same time?
A. EIGRP
B. BGP
C. OSPF
D. RIP
Correct Answer: B

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 Isn’t this a same question?. If so, what would be the correct answer?.

For Question 703, I noticed that this is VTP lines. VTP is virtual trunking protocol right?. Let’s say this is VTY, is it still correct?

QUESTION 703
Which two statements about the enable secret and enable password commands are true? (Choose two)
A. I both commands are missing from the global configuration,vtp lines use the console password
B. The enable secret command overrides enable password
C. The enable password command has a stronger encryption algorithm than enable secret
D. The enable secret commmand is bac kwards-compatible with more version of IOS
E. The enable secret and enable password commands must be used togerher

Correct Answer: AB

QUESTION 547
what are the two correct statements about enable secret and enable password command
A. the enable password command has a strong encryption algorithm than enable secret
B. if both commands are missing from the global configuration, vty lines use the console password
C. the enable secret command is backwards compatible with more versions of IOS
D. the enable secret and enable password commands must be used together
E. the enable secret command overrides enable password

Correct Answer: CE

@STIG

I will go with D

@STIG
I’ve lab it already.
ID changed after reboot.
After added new Loopback – nothing happen
after shutdown old loopback – nothing
Ans A is correct

Hi guys quick question..any1 ever had to re-take the exam to pass if so was the question the same or did the exam change? Please advise failed on friday thinkin of re-taking the exam by friday? Thanks again.

@STIG and hagar
I fixed the answer Thanks
I will update files today

Hi nneettwwrrookkiinnggg,

I had email you for the duplicate questions with different answers.

Thanks,
JAJA

@Passed_Feedback congratulations
@Dee congratularions
@JAJA hi bro we are working to fix wrong answers. if you see ant wrongs answer please share with me
nneettwwoorrkkiinngg @ gmail.com

fyi all

drive.google.com/drive/folders/1Cf4MHTm8Qt5-_jYzJt6PXNy6b6YOBEx1

@JAJA
I saw you mail bro :)
I am updating the files
thanks again

QUESTION 196
Refer to following:
router eigrp 1
redistribute ospf 1 route-map ospf-to-eigrp
default-metric 20000 2000 255 1 1500
!
route-map ospf-to-eigrp deny 10
match tag 6
match route-type external type-2
!
route-map ospf-to-eigrp permit 20
match ip address prefix-list pfx
set metric 40000 1000 255 1 1500
!
route-map ospf-to-eigrp permit 30
set tag 8
Which three statements accurately describe the result of applying the exhibited route map?
A. The map prohibits the redistribution of all type 2 external OSPF routes with tag 6 set.
B. The map prohibits the redistribution of all type 2 external OSPF routes.
C. The map redistributes into EIGRP all routes that match the pfx prefix list and the five metric values 40000, 1000, 255, 1, and 1500.
D. The map prohibits the redistribution of all external OSPF routes with tag 6 set.
E. All routes that do no match clauses 10 and 20 of the route map are redistributed with their tags set to 8.
F. The map permits the redistribution of all type 1 external OSPF routes.

Correct Answer: AEF or ACE

@Anonymous
QUESTION 196

in C ans appear only “match” word, when in route-map is set to metric values. IMO ans is AEF

@Anonymous

AEF is the correct answer

please note that clause 20 means that any route that MATCHES ip prefix-list pfx router will SET it’s the metric values to 40000 1000 255 1 1500
However C states that the route should MATCH prefix-list pfx AND MATCH the five metric values 40000, 1000, 255, 1, and 1500 >> which is incorrect

F also is correct as route map doesn’t deny any type 1 external routes so they all allowed but they will be tagged with 20 as clause 30 ( option E )

Hil All

I should correct answer A
what do you think?

Which adverse circumstance can the TTL feature prevent
A. routing loops
B. DoS attacks
C. link saturation
D. CAM table overload

@Hagar and @JAJA
thanks Updated files

drive.google.com/drive/folders/1Cf4MHTm8Qt5-_jYzJt6PXNy6b6YOBEx1

Hey guys, is anyone doing the exam in early September?

@nneettwwrrookkiinnggg
Thanks :)

regarding:
Which adverse circumstance can the TTL feature prevent
A. routing loops
B. DoS attacks
C. link saturation
D. CAM table overload

I would go with B. DOS attacks

The reason I would go with preventing routing loops over DoS attacks is this is a route exam not security, so routing loops are more relevant, that and TTL would not be very efficient way to prevent DoS, by default each packet would loop 64, 128 or 254 times, you probably wouldn’t prevent a DoS, the network would still be flooded.

@Anonymous

Please check this link it explains that both routing loops and DOS are both good answers.
actually, I’m confused :)

https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/about/security-center/ttl-expiry-attack.html
search with keywords loop & DOS for faster search

@Anonymous

Please check this link it explains that both routing loops and DOS are both good answers.
actually, I’m confused :)

https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/about/security-center/ttl-expiry-attack.html
search with keywords loop & DOS for faster search

Not totally disagreeing, but are you sure you want to go down that rabbit hole? Technically, the TTL could prevent all of them and they are all “adverse”. But for a route exam, i choose routing loops, unless we are missing more context. Keep it simple, too much else to learn and remember than to research every possiblility.

The choice is yours!!

Now that i thought about it a little more, wouldn’t the TTL be the cause of that DoS attack, not preventing it?

But the exams are tough and intentionally tricky, this could be a security question based on the other answers, know this doesn’t help, but what can you do!

Which adverse circumstance can the TTL feature prevent
A. routing loops
B. DoS attacks
C. link saturation
D. CAM table overload

@Hagar, I think i’d go with A. Check the link below

http://www.omnisecu.com/cisco-certified-network-associate-ccna/what-is-routing-loop-and-how-to-avoid-routing-loop.php

Both the OCG and Chris Bryants CCNP book specifically mention TTL and routing loops. I would go with A.

In fact, the official cert guide uses this for the definition of TTL

Time to Live (TTL) field: The Time to Live (TTL) field is an 8-bit field that is decremented
by 1 every time the packet is routed from one IP network to another (that is, passes through a router). If the TTL value ever reaches 0, the packet is discarded
from the network. This behavior helps prevent routing loops.

Which adverse circumstance can the TTL feature prevent
A. routing loops
B. DoS attacks
C. link saturation
D. CAM table overload

I think its “B” watch this link: https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/about/security-center/ttl-expiry-attack.html

specially this section:
TTL Expiry Attacks
The TTL expiry behavior creates a denial of service (DoS) attack vector against network equipment. Network devices are purpose-built to forward ordinary packets as quickly as possible. When exception packets are encountered, such as those with expiring TTL values, varying amounts of effort are expended by a router to respond appropriately. In the case of an IPv4 TTL expiry packet, the router must respond with an appropriate ICMP Time Exceeded message. The generation and subsequent transmission of this ICMP message is an exception process.

Fair point, but the fact that it is written in the official cert guide from cisco specifically saying it prevents routing loops leads me to believe for exam purposes that is the answer they are looking for.

Keep in mind, test answers are not always real world applicable.