Share your ROUTE v2.0 Experience

Is there a tutorial on how to use the labs provided by nneettwookkrrriinng ?

I already have the IOS image (c2691) and can make some basic labs on GNS but when I open the ones provided in the folder, they don’t seem to work.
I am having a hard time with GNS3.

@all. I had labs redistribution, eigrp stub, and ospf sim. There was the d&d with all the states of ospf, a pppoe one with PADI padr……. I did not spend enough time on the L2 studying I guess. Consudering this is Route!!!! A layer 3 test. I figured L2 would only be a few qs. The reworded qs were all L2 frame relay and Dmvpn. I don’t have a photographic memory so I can’t replicate them. But for sure you need to know all the little details and steps of Dmvpn and frame relay.

@bubbles thank you boss, i feel sorry for you, but you mean that networkinnnngg dumps is still valid right? Do you think august or spoto is enough to study?

@Allgood
CONGRATSSSS
Please if you can answer my following questions:
1. Did you studied all the v2.1 or only august section or spoto? What do you mean by (25-08)
2. OSPF SIM, you mean the OSPF LAB or its only to show and verify mistakes and answer by multiple choice?!
3. Virtual link you means IPV6 OSPF Virtual link?
Please answer and thank you so much

@AllGood
@Bubbless

any experience/suggestion for the question ? does anyone reas the SPOTO question ?
you all use the networkinnnngg dumps?

Question 536
In which two area does OSPF send a summary route by default?
A. NSSA
B. Backbone
C. Totally Stubby
D. Sub
E. Normal

The answers are b. Backbone and e. Normal….Stub zones do NOT receive summary routes, they will receive a type 5, but the summary routes are replaced with a DEFAULT route by the ABR, therefore only the Backbone and Normal areas receive summary routes by default. (Stub, Stubby, Totally Stubby, NSSA(Not So Stubby Area) & Totally NSSA are all stub areas = no summary routes).

QUESTION 404
Refer to the following
Logging Console 7
Which option is one of the effects entering this command on a Cisco IOS router, with no additional logging configuration?
A. Debug messages can be seen on the console by enabling “terminal monitor.”
B. Debug messages are logged only on active console connections.
C. A user that is connected via SSH sees level 7 messages
D. The router can experience high CPU utilization
Correct Answer: B

Answer Should be : D

@BATMAN did you see the link I provided? It says that the global router rip command is optional. I just tested it out in a lab and that is correct. You DO NOT have to issue the ipv6 router rip command to enable rip. Neighbors formed and I had full connectivity. Now the question could be worded differently but I think the correct answer is interface.

Congratssss!!! @AllGood

Please give us all some tips

@Stubby read up on OSPF areas.
Stub – blocks Type 5 ASBR summary LSAs; adds default route via type 3
Totally Stubby – blocks type 3 and type; adds default route via type 3
NSSA – blocks type 5 but it allows an ASBR wirh type 7; no default route
Totally NSSA – blocks type 5 and type 3 and allows an ASBR; default route added with type 3.

@Stubby so C and D are correct.

@nnettwoooorking
@digitaltut

Thank you so much for all help.
Finally password with 933.
Networking 2.1 is valid.

See you at tshoot.

@Stubz

@Stubby read up on OSPF areas.
Stub – blocks Type 5 ASBR summary LSAs; adds default route via type 3
Totally Stubby – blocks type 3 and type; adds default route via type 3
NSSA – blocks type 5 but it allows an ASBR wirh type 7; no default route
Totally NSSA – blocks type 5 and type 3 and allows an ASBR; default route added with type 3.

even by your own definitions the answers cannot be C & D

Stub – blocks Type 5 ASBR summary LSAs; adds default route via type 3 <—— replaces summary routes with default, your words!!!

Totally Stubby – blocks type 3 and type; adds default route via type 3 <—— replaces summary routes with default, your words!!!

But yes your are correct they do not receive type 5, it is the type 3 that replaces the summary with a default.

@Stubby, refer to this link. I’m just trying to help you out man. I might be wrong. I don’t want to waste money on this exam by having to take it more than once. So, I’m trying to help others out too.

https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/support/docs/ip/open-shortest-path-first-ospf/47869-ospfdb10.html

I should have been more clear with my answer. Totally stub does make an exception for the default route via type 3 lsa. The link has some more information.

Hi Nnnettwoorkinggggg,

I’ve booked an exam on first week of sept. and I am a premium member of Digital-tut as well.
I would like to study your material from networking 2.1 since people are saying they are being valid. Could you please share the updated file when time permits or Anyone who has the 2.1 file please share it here, your help would be much appreciated.

I would definitely like to share my experience with you guys after my exam.

Please share me the updated…

Hi Nnnettwoorkinggggg,

I’ve booked an exam on first week of sept. and I am a premium member of Digital-tut as well.
I would like to study your material from networking 2.1 since people are saying they are being valid. Could you please share the updated file when time permits or Anyone who has the 2.1 file please share it here, your help would be much appreciated.

I would definitely like to share my experience with you guys after my exam.

Please share me the updated…

@Stubz

Just to be clear we are talking about the same thing, we all understand a summary route is not a default route correct?

just doing the same on my end, trying to help people understand.

The whole purpose of a stub route is to keep the routing table as small as possible, default route will always be smaller than a bunch of summary routes, that is why they suppress summary routes and use a defaut route in its place. Of the possible answers 3 are stub areas(NSSA, Stub, Totally Stubby) and 2 are normal areas (backbone, which is Area 0 & Normal, pretty much all other areas that are not stub).

Why over think it and disect the stub areas when the two best answers are the ones that always receive summary routes by default anyway the backbone(area 0 and normal areas connected to the back bone).

@Stubby are we talking about the same thing? I’m referring to the type 3 LSAs which is the summary LSA. When you make an area a stub, it stops receiving Type 5 LSAs. Totally Stubby stops Type 3 and Type 5 but allows 1 summary LSA which is a default route. In both Areas, the ABR injects a summary LSA by default pointing to the 0.0.0.0 network. In NSSA you have to use the default information originate command. OSPF doesn’t make a default route in the Normal and Backbone area. You have to manually summarize on the ABR or ASBR. It sends the summarized route as a Type 3 Summary LSA.

Also, has anyone else had the PADI DnD recently? Now I’m second guessing myself about my exam tomorrow.

@stubz

lab it out, stub areas will not have summarized routes in their routing tables, the ABR suppresses the summary routes and put a default route in its place, the stubs will never know about summary routes, only the default route.

“OSPF doesn’t make a default route in the Normal and Backbone area”,it might(internet access from ISP?), but it is not relevant to the question, but those 2 areas(normal & backbone) always receive summary routes – the question is about summary routes not default routes.

Just to clarify things a bit more, the ABR receives the summary routes, but will never pass them into a stub area(any type), it suppresses them and injects a default route into the stub area. the ABR ignores the summarized routes anyway and puts all the routes in it’s routing table(lab it) and depending on the type of area it is attached it will send either the summary routes(normal or backbone) or a default route(stub areas). NSSA are a little different but they will not receive summary routes from other areas, only its own ASBR to be passed on to its ABR which is attached to the backbone and distributed from there.

The question doesn’t mention anything about LSA types, so don’t let that add to the confusion, only worry about what areas receive the summary routes, the ABRs translates for the areas and receives all LSAs. The routers inside the area only receive what the ABR sends it, depending on the type of area it is. They may receive a type 5 LSA (summary) but it does not contain summary routes, only a default, so they do not receive summary routes summary routes are replaced with a default route, so who cares what type of LSA it is for this question, are summary routes sent to it? No, they are blocked by the ABR.

The question: In which two area does OSPF send a summary route by default?

@Stubby
Is 0.0.0.0/0 not a summary route? I meant you have to manually make the default route in the backbone area. Not that they couldn’t have one. The reason I am referring to LSA is because of how OSPF advertises a summary route. It advertises them as a Type 3 LSA. In Stub and Totally Stubby areas, the default route is injected as a summary route. The only 2 areas where a summary route is sent by default is the stub and totally Stubby. All other areas require manual configuration.

When do you plan on taking your exam? Mine is tomorrow but I’m stressing out about it.

@AllGood
congratulations bro :)

Hi all
fyi
drive.google.com/drive/folders/1Cf4MHTm8Qt5-_jYzJt6PXNy6b6YOBEx1

Guys
do you see any wrong answers, please send a mail

nneettwwoorrkkiinngg @ gmail.com

@Ahmed hi Bro
why D?

Which option is one of the effects entering this command on a Cisco IOS router, with no additional logging configuration?
A. Debug messages can be seen on the console by enabling “terminal monitor.”
B. Debug messages are logged only on active console connections.
C. A user that is connected via SSH sees level 7 messages
D. The router can experience high CPU utilization
Correct Answer: B

@stubz

taking by the end of the year, don’t stress too much

default route: ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx

summary route would be something like:

summary route would be : 192.168.0.0 255.255.252.0 ( /22) to describe the following routes:

192.168.0.0 / 24 subnet mask 255.255.255.0
192.168.1.0 / 24 subnet mask 255.255.255.0
192.168.2.0 / 24 subnet mask 255.255.255.0
192.168.3.0 / 24 subnet mask 255.255.255.0

so the router would advertise 192.168.0.0 255.255.252.0 instead of all of the individual routes above, keep the routing table and advertisments smaller for routers that dont need to know about the more specific routes.

search for route summarization – not too hard, but deals with subnet masks

@Stubz

Actually it is not injected as a summary but in place of the summary. So it may use a type 3 LSA, but the LSA says since you are a stub area and don’t accept summary routes, here is a default.

Basically it says, you want to keep your routing table small so here is one route(default route) for all networks you do not know about, send them to me, and i’ll take care of them for you since you have to go thorugh me to get to them anyway(stub areas are “dead ends”, one way in, one way out), instead of me giving you all of the different summarized routes from the other areas, which would just take up space in your routing table.

hope this helps

@Stubby okay I just labbed it up. I used the area 0 range 192.168.0.0 255.255.255.0 command on my ABR to send a summary address to my Stub router. I had 3 loopbacks that I was advertising with 192.168.1.0, 192.168.2.0, and 192.168.3.0 in area 0. Before the show route on my stub router displays all 3 routes. After the summary range command, it shows 192.168.0.0 as expected. So, you can send summary routes to Stub routers. It comes in as a type 3. There is also the default route of all 0s.

@Sophie
Yes, there were some wrong answers in the v2.1 and I researched myself about those questions. Will send an email to nneettwwoorrkkiinngg with some correct answers I figured out.

@FeebackPlease
1. I studied the complete v2.1 however, many questions came from August and Spoto. Do not consider answers from Spoto as many of them are incorrect. You can use them for referring the questions. By 25-08 I meant the file shared by neettwwoorrkkiinngg which was updated on August 25th.
2. By OSPF Sim, I meant the configuration Lab.
3. Yes, IPv6 OSPF virtual link lab.

@funghet
yes, just neettwwoorrkkiinngg v2.1 would be sufficient.

@neettwwoorrkkiinngg
Thank You :)
Will drop a mail with my research on the doubtful questions.

@my last comment. I had a typo…. Mask should be 255.255.0.0

@Stubz

i appoligize, you are correct, i was wrong about the STUB area, a regualr stub area will receive intra-area summary routes – type 3 LSAs.

However i was correct about the totally stubby, it doesn not receive any (internal or external) summary routes and cannot be a correct answer, which eliminates answser C.

That being said, i still stand by my answers of B. Backbone and E. Normal, simply because these two areas receive any summary routes.

But now that i learned that stub areas will receive type 3 intera-area summarized routes, D. could be a possible answer.

I learned something new, thanks for the debate. Good luck on your exam!!!!

In which two area does OSPF send a summary route by default?
A. NSSA
B. Backbone
C. Totally Stubby
D. Sub
E. Normal

my choices, B & E

Other possible: D & ? (B or E)

just wanted to add

the reason a totally stubby area does not get summary routes it becase we literaly tell the router not to send summaries to the area, the command is(on the ABR):

router (config)# router ospf (AS)
router (config-router)# area (area) stub no-summary

I just want to say bravo to stubby and stubz – this is what this site is supposed to be about.

kudos to you guys

slight correction on the above post, intra-area should be inter-area

intra-area – same area, same AS
inter-area – differnet area, same AS

@Stubby
@Stubz

Please refer to the link:
https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/support/docs/ip/open-shortest-path-first-ospf/13692-21.html
it states clearly that only Stub and totally stub areas generates a summary LSA by default

In stub and totally stub areas, the ABR to the stub area generates a summary LSA with the link-state ID 0.0.0.0. This is true even if the ABR doesn’t have a default route of its own. In this case, you don’t need to use the default-information originate command.

@nneettwwoorrkkiinnngg

Exam A Q605

What happens when a router receives a packet with a ttl of 0.

It says the answer is the router sends an ICMP unreachable.

I dont think this is correct.

It should send a time exceeded or TTL expired in transit — which is what happens when you have a routing loop.

For example, every device (such as an intermediate router) forwarding an IP datagram first decrements the time to live (TTL) field in the IP header by one. If the resulting TTL is 0, the packet is discarded and an ICMP time exceeded in transit message is sent to the datagram’s source address.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Control_Message_Protocol

also

RFC 1812, page 85:

The Time-to-Live (TTL) field of the IP header is defined to be a timer limiting the lifetime of a datagram. When a router forwards a packet, it MUST reduce the TTL by at least one. If it holds a packet for more than one second, it MAY decrement the TTL by one for each second.

If the TTL is reduced to zero (or less), the packet MUST be discarded, and if the destination is not a multicast address the router MUST send an ICMP Time Exceeded message, Code 0 (TTL Exceeded in Transit) message to the source. Note that a router MUST NOT discard an IP unicast or broadcast packet with a non-zero TTL merely because it can predict that another router on the path to the packet’s final destination will decrement the TTL to zero. However, a router MAY do so for IP multicasts, in order to more efficiently implement IP multicast’s expanding ring search algorithm.

which of the following situations results in a routing loop ?
A. when you have a single point of redistribution
B. when you use NAT translation on the edge of your network
C. when you implement contiguous IP routing blocks
D. when you implement noncontiguous IP routing blocks
E. when you have multiple points of redistribution

does anyone have a source to validate the answer for this question? I am thinking E after process of elimination.

@acme,
Yes its E.

Multiple points of distribution can lead to routing loops due to how the metrics get set when the routes are imported.

This is noted in chris bryants CCNP route book.

@acme

This might help

http://nil.uniza.sk/netacad/ccnp/ccnp-route-redistribution-simulating-routing-loops

But yeah, Chris Bryant, as well as some training video series i was able to watch through work specifically indicated that a danger with two way multipoint redistribution is the possibility of routing loops.

@acme

https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/support/docs/ip/enhanced-interior-gateway-routing-protocol-eigrp/8606-redist.html#ad

you can find an example here under section Administrative Distance
just search with keyword “loop” to make it easier for you to find it

I purchased 300-101, the information inside is true and effective. Before the exam, the question bank will be updated to take the initiative to communicate with me. The attitude is very good. Any questions will be answered in time. I passed the exam and shared it with you. Hope It is also helpful to you.
h tt p://t .cn/RDug3fQ

@Hagar Koriem

I kind of agree, but not sure if you are only talking about default routes or summary routes. So add the below just in case.

That is true, but the question is about summary routes not LSA types or default routes(default routes are different from summary routes), not too worried about default routes except for that when an area is a Stubby or Totally Stubby the summary routes get suppressed and the default injected in its place in the LSA. Yes the LSAs are still sent, but the summary routes are not included only a default route pointing to the ABR for the summary routes being suppressed, depending on whether it is a Stub(no external routes or summaries, but still gets inter-area summaries) or Totally Stubby(no summaries at all), and this only happens on the ABRs or ASBRs towards the Stub or Totally Stub area. So yes, if it is suppressing summary routes the ABR will add a defalut pointing to itself, reguardless if it has a default route itself. At least that is how i have come to understand it.

from your link
“As previously discussed, external routes are not propagated inside the stub areas and even inter-area routes (summary routes) are not propagated inside the totally stubby areas. The routers inside these areas use the default route generated by the ABR to reach destinations outside of the area.” (type 3 LSA with link-state ID 0.0.0.0 ??)

Hi nneettwwoorrkkiinngg,

I noticed that there are lot of conflict Answer from the old/new questions to the Aug. question. Now I am confused w/c question should I believe, but anyway I will be collecting them and email you nneettwwoorrkkiinngg for possible fix.

Thanks

@nnnetworking, Q660 and Q534 in nnetworking version 2.1 still not correct

@Stubby
@Stubz
Maybe this question is stupid, but I am not sure if understand question correctly.
There is “In which two area does OSPF send a summary route by default?”
It mean “to which area is send” or “from which area is sent” or both…?

There is quite simple explained, and easy to understand
https://www.packetgeek.net/2014/04/ospf-area-types-and-lsas/

@Stubz

Question 536
In which two area does OSPF send a summary route by default?
A. NSSA
B. Backbone
C. Totally Stubby
D. Stub
E. Normal

I have to agree that it is between b -c -D they all send LSA type 3

Maybe this question is about OSPF summerization. I am not sure that the backbone area send the network summerized. you might need to do manual summerization.
http://www.ciscopress.com/articles/article.asp?p=2294214&seqNum=3

so i will go for D fo sure

The OSPF backbone includes all the properties of a standard OSPF area, and by default do not summerized.

NSSA ABR send LSA 5 to backbone area which describe summerized external route.

So what do you think of about Stub and NSSA ABR that send summary routes by default as an answer?

so confusing :S

Hi All,
I have been reading about EIGRP Variance…Below is my observation on Q665.
For unequal-cost routing, two conditons must be met,
1. Metric <=Calculated metric (variance multiplier).
2. AD or RD<= FD.
Refer to the 2 URLs which have got clear examples with explanations.

QUESTION 665
Refer to the exhibit.
You want router r1 to perform unequal-cost routing to the 172.168.10.0/24 network.
What is the smallest EIGRP variance value that you can configure on R1 to achieve this result?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4

Correct Answer: A
Section: Networking – Questions-August

CORRECT ANS is C if you read through the content.

https://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/support/docs/ip/enhanced-interior-gateway-routing-protocol-eigrp/13677-19.html

https://community.cisco.com/t5/network-architecture-documents/troubleshooting-eigrp-variance-command/ta-p/3129662

I stand correction.

@STIG, That is my answer also. it’s supposed to be 3

@STIG, i agree

@STIG
I agree I already sent to networking to fix this question

Guys !!! Passed 9xx today !!!

This is my feedback in details:

1. Networkingggg V2.1 Section August ( 195 Questions is 100% Valid) Dont waste your time studing another sections. All the question are from this section.

2. DnDs are the same as the SPoto Dumps DnDs ( around 8 Dnds there), They are 100% valid. Dont study all the 28 DnD Qs that are in the Networkingggg v2.1 dumps ( No need). My DNDs was ACL types and GRE Features and two more from the 8 DnDs that is in Spoto Dumps which I cant remember.

3. Labs. Same labs as Spoto Dumps. 100% Valid with Same IP addresses. My Labs were OSPF, EIGRP STUB, EIGRP and OSPF Redistrbution

Thank you networkinggggg !! Thanks alll

Hope that my feedback is helpful.

Hi All

Networking dumps are valid. Just wrote exam and passed with 9xx score.
Focus on the August dumps and go through all drag and drops and all labs.
I got 53 Q’s with EIGRP OSPF redistribution, OSPF Sim and EIGRP stub sims. No simlets were in my exam.

Thanks again to nneettwwoorrkkiinngg!!!!

Hi ANDREW,

Is the latest PassLeader is the Items with 1-30 to 121?

Thanks,
JAJA